Asset Classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Asset Classes - Essay Example One of the major asset classes of OXT is stock. For the last 52 weeks, the company has recorded a daily average of 1.2 K shares in the UK market. Even though the company has displayed a downward trend on the 50 day moving average, the 20 day moving average depicts a financial strength of the company. One of the major concerns of the company management is the 200 SMA that stands at 18.47, thus creating a lot of resistance from the investors. According to the performance of Coca-Cola on the 9th of August, 2012, the company shares closed at 79.24 USD, indicating a decrease of 0.4%. On August 9, 2012, 4.79 million shares were traded, which indicates an increment of 23.89% as compared to 2011. As compared to OXT, which shows a downward movement of its stock prices, Coca-Cola stock prices depict a significant increment. Money market is an additional asset class of OXT. Currently, the company market capitalization stands at 1 while shares in issue are 5.43 million. The company profit margin is 500% while turnover per share stands at 0.001 (Oxford Technology Venture Capital Trust: Fundamentals, 2012). On the other hand, Coca-Cola market capitalization stands at 178.39 billion. The company shares outstanding 2.25 billion, thus attracting many investors. Based on its high profitability and large investment portfolio, Coca-Cola’s earning per share (EPS) stands at 3.78 USD. According to the financial report provided by the company in the month of July 2012, an average of 6.16 million shares has been sold. Asset classification of Oxford Technology Venture Capital Trust PLC and other similar mutual funds is significant in that it helps the investors to determine the type of investment that fits their needs. It is important to note that due to the recent economic downturn, the current investment environment has been faced with challenges based on low level of employment, which was experienced in many

Domestic Violence Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Domestic Violence - Dissertation Example C. The Dynamics of DV: This part attempts to understand victimization in and perpetration of DV. D. Types of DV Perpetrators: This part will try to understand the nature of DV perpetrators and how DV perpetrators are categorized. E. Domestic Violence and Children: This discusses the impact of DV on children. F. Evaluating and Enhancing the Effectiveness of Batterer Intervention Programs: This seeks to understand how existing batterer intervention programs are being viewed by various authors. A. Explaining Domestic Violence 1. Definition Reviewed literatures’ (Brewster 23-24; Davis 3; Hague, Mullender & Aris 1; McCue 2-4; Myers 735; Peters et al. 8; West 10) definition of domestic violence (DV) – also termed as intimate partner violence (IPV) – vary in terms of determining the acts and relationships that would qualify as such(Garner & Fagan 54, qtd. in Brewster 23). Among definitions, Oregon Domestic Violence Council’s (ODVC) is most explicit: â€Å"†¦ a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship.† Here, acts defined as coercive/abusive â€Å"include physical, sexual, emotional, and economic,† to which others added psychological (Peters et al. 8); while the purpose of coercive acts is defined as that aims â€Å"to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance.† (qtd. in McCue 3) With most DV incidents reportedly perpetrated against women often by their male intimate partners (Hague, Mullender & Aris 1), DV is often understood as male chauvinism at its worst form, picturing men as animals or beasts whose gratification is imposing their power on women.... The intention of this study is domestic violence (DV) – also termed as intimate partner violence – vary in terms of determining the acts and relationships that would qualify as such. Among definitions, Oregon Domestic Violence Council’s is most explicit: â€Å"†¦ a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person to control and subordinate another in an intimate relationship.† Here, acts defined as coercive/abusive â€Å"include physical, sexual, emotional, and economic,† to which others added psychological; while the purpose of coercive acts is defined as that aims â€Å"to engender fear in the victim in order to enforce compliance.† With most DV incidents reportedly perpetrated against women often by their male intimate partners, DV is often understood as male chauvinism at its worst form, picturing men as animals or beasts whose gratification is imposing their power on women. However, some literatures noted that even women batter and t hat, men themselves are actual victims of DV, though their number is much smaller compared with women victims. Hence, DV – a universal reality that may happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone in any type of intimate relationships – can be understood as any form of abusive behavior willfully and systematically perpetrated against an intimate partner (victim) by another (perpetrator), causing physical injury, psychological trauma and death on the victim, purposely to ensure the perpetrator’s dominance and control over the victim and the relationship

Policing of Aboriginal Communities with Emphasis on Canadian Policing Essay

Policing of Aboriginal Communities with Emphasis on Canadian Policing Examples. - Urban and Rural Differences in Policing in Canada and at large to be examined - Essay Example In Canada, aboriginal policing came into being a professional, reliable and responsible government body with the introduction of the First Nations Policing Policy (FNPP) in June 1991. The objective of First Nations Policing Policy is to provide aboriginal communities of Canada social security, order and individual safety on the basis of cost-shared funding by federal and provincial governments. It is aboriginal communities choice either to develop their personal police service or opt for a police service provided by a contingent of First Nations officers. The Aboriginal Policing Directorate ensures policing that is answerable to the desires of aboriginal people residing in rural and urban areas. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) – the Canadian national police service has its Aboriginal Policing Branch that prepares culturally alert policing services agreeable to aboriginal people. It takes into confidence aboriginal organizations to come up to their needs and expectations. The RCMP absorbs aboriginal people in its recruitment and plans problem-specific programs relevant to aboriginal communities needs. Some of the programs include RCMP Aboriginal Youth Training Program (AYTP), Community Suicide Intervention Program, and First Nations Community Policing Service (FNCPS). The Community Policing Model is the result of severe criticism of the traditional model of policing, which was not sufficiently equipped to deal with the issues of aboriginal communities. Now, communities get support from the police in managing their risks. Both work hand-in-hand to solve the crime and law & order problems created by local inhabitants. In the Community Policing Model, the police don’t behave irrationally to cope up with law & order issues; it takes proactive steps to recognize and remedy, to establish peace. The police intervenes in the dialogue process to know the opinion of the community on touchy issues, first by holding general level

Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Debt Crisis - Essay Example The debt/equity ratio increased from 15:1 to 30:1 after the US Securities and Exchange Commission allowed shadow banks to borrow as much as their own risk management departments considered prudent. So while commercial banks formed only 40% of total lending, shadow banks accounted for almost 60%. Banks borrowed a ton of money, made great deals and grew tremendously rich. They then paid back the borrowed money. Investors saw this and wanted a part in it. This gave banks the idea to connect investors to home owners through mortgages. Because real estate had been doing so well, investment banks were interested in buying the mortgage. The lender agreed to sell it to them for a fee. The investment banks then borrowed heavily, bought more mortgages and collected them in a box. The bank then cut the box into 3 slices: Safe, Okay, and Risky. It packed the slices back up and called it a Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO). A CDO works like three layers. As the money comes in from homeowners p aying off their mortgages the top tray fills first then the rest goes into the middle and the remainder goes into the last tray. If owners are unable to pay their mortgages, fewer payments are received and the last tray remains empty. For taking more risk, the lowest tray receives a higher rate of return as compared to the first tray which receives the lowest rate as it is the safest. Banks insured these slices for a minor charge called a Credit Default Swap (CDS). Credit rating agencies rated the top as a safe AAA investment and the middle as BBB. Because of the ratings, the investment banker could sell the slices to investors with different risk preferences. They made millions through this, and then repaid the loans. Since investors were making a lot more than 1%, they wanted more CDOs, investment banks wanted more mortgages and the demand for mortgages rose. They then approached the subprime market because if the homeowners defaulted on their mortgage, the lender would get the ho use which would increase in value. They started giving mortgages without requiring down payments, proof of income and any documents at all. These mortgages were Adjustable Rate Mortgages. The mortgage payments were attractively low during the initial period but they increased exponentially after the teaser period. As a result, from 2004 to 2006, the subprime mortgages accounted for approximately 1/5th of the overall mortgage market. Eventually the subprime borrowers started defaulting after the teaser period. The bank that was now the owner of the house went into foreclosure and put the house up for sale. Eventually, more houses went up for sale. Now there were so many houses for sale, increasing supply, causing house prices to fall, rather than rise. This created a problem for homeowners who continued to make their mortgage payments. The value of their houses began to decline as the number of houses for sale in the market increased. People refused to pay their mortgages. Default ra tes increased exponentially and prices nosedived. Consequently the value of CDOs which were backed by these mortgages also fell. Investment banks tried to sell the CDOs but there were no buyers. Through CDOs the problem spread to other financial markets. The problem was further compounded by CDS because sellers of CDS bought CDS from others to protect themselves. The Secondary market for subprime CDO trading halted because of lack of buyers in the market. Private financial institution refused to lend any cash

Issues in management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Issues in management - Essay Example The primary role responsibility of organizations and institutions is to serve investors (owners) (A High Performance Work Practices Taxonomy 2013). However, CSR gives organizations additional responsibility beyond serving stockholders to include others such as suppliers, employees, clients, the state, the local community, environmental groups, and special interest groups among many more. Stakeholders are all entities affected by the organizations collectively. Most scholars relate the corporate social responsibility with business ethics as much as they remain different concepts. Broadly, the corporate social responsibility includes legal, economic, discretionary, and ethical responsibilities of institutions. On the other hand, business ethics focus on behaviour of groups and individuals in addition to moral adjustments. Thus, this study concentrates on the role of stakeholders with KLM, the Royal Dutch Airlines in perspective. Responsibility appears when an organization or institution accepts a particular duty and proceeds to endorse the duty with behaviours that correspond to the same. In the case of KLM, social responsibility manifests through legal, corporate, and economic efficient actions to recognize a specific responsibility in the community besides the attempt to satisfy social needs (Allen TX 415) . KLM believes in being a

Critically analyse fair and equitable treatment standard in Essay

Critically analyse fair and equitable treatment standard in international investment treaties, taking into account recent treaty - Essay Example The specification of the standard, however, has been subject to various interpretations through the years because of its reliance on principles of equity. Debates over the FET revolve around whether this standard should be based on other standards of law or whether it is an autonomous and self-contained standard in itself. The standard it is most commonly related to is the customary international law minimum standard, and sometimes it is measured against more general principles of international law. In this paper, the evolving meaning of what constitutes fair and equitable practice as contained in BITs and as interpreted by arbitral tribunals shall be discussed and critiqued. The bases and rationale for the continued development of the FET will provide implications into the continued growth of foreign direct investments in this increasingly globalized economy. ... The most important principles that attach to FET are transparency, stability, and the investor’s legitimate expectations, compliance with contractual obligations, procedural propriety and due process, action in good faith, and freedom from coercion and harassment.3 The FET appears consistently in investment treaty practice since it was first articulated in the Havana Charter of 19484 where it is stated in Article 11(2) (a) (i) thereof: ‘to assure just and equitable treatment for the enterprise, skills, capital, arts and technology brought from one Member country to another.’ While the Charter was never enforced, U.S. treaty practice was influenced by its reference to FET.5 It was thereafter included in codifications of investor rights, beginning with the 1959 Draft Convention on Investments Abroad,6 Article 1 of which states that ‘Each party shall at all times ensure fair and equitable treatment to the property of the nationals of other parties.’ The identical wording was adopted in the 1967 OECD Draft Convention on the Protection of Foreign Property.7 As a result of the lack of precision in its definition, various treaties accord different contexts to the application of FET. Some BITs link FET with a substantive norm such as nondiscrimination, such as the treaty between Bangladesh and Iran which provides that each party extend to covered investment ‘fair treatment not less favourable than that accorded to its own investors or investors of any third state, whichever is more favourable.’8 There are a host of cases that link FET with customary international law in a variety of ways, as shall be seen in the discussion of the use of FET in BITs in the

Issues in management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Issues in management - Essay Example The primary role responsibility of organizations and institutions is to serve investors (owners) (A High Performance Work Practices Taxonomy 2013). However, CSR gives organizations additional responsibility beyond serving stockholders to include others such as suppliers, employees, clients, the state, the local community, environmental groups, and special interest groups among many more. Stakeholders are all entities affected by the organizations collectively. Most scholars relate the corporate social responsibility with business ethics as much as they remain different concepts. Broadly, the corporate social responsibility includes legal, economic, discretionary, and ethical responsibilities of institutions. On the other hand, business ethics focus on behaviour of groups and individuals in addition to moral adjustments. Thus, this study concentrates on the role of stakeholders with KLM, the Royal Dutch Airlines in perspective. Responsibility appears when an organization or institution accepts a particular duty and proceeds to endorse the duty with behaviours that correspond to the same. In the case of KLM, social responsibility manifests through legal, corporate, and economic efficient actions to recognize a specific responsibility in the community besides the attempt to satisfy social needs (Allen TX 415) . KLM believes in being a